Saturday, 12 November 2011

Why Indians are influential, Dr Shabir Choudhry

Why Indians are influential

Dr Shabir Choudhry 04 January 2009

In response to my article ‘Why Jews are powerful and Muslims are powerless’ I got a lot of response. Many appreciated it but some, once again, called me a ‘Yahoodi agent’ – agent of Jews, just because I have highlighted some of the contribution made by Jews to science and learning. Some said Jews are killing innocent Palestinians and you are praising them.

First of all I wrote that piece before the present crises started in Gaza. What Israel is doing in Palestine is condemned by people through out world and I also condemn it. But does it mean no one should talk of achievements of Jews just because Zionist government is killing innocent people? In any case a lot of contribution of Jews was made before the establishment of the Jewish State, and without its patronage.

As for blame game is concerned it is part of political culture of Pakistan and Kashmir to call those people ‘agent’ with whom there is political or ideological difference or personal goal to settle. Agencies of both India and Pakistan have been successful in creating this social and political environment where they no longer have to point fingers at anyone, as people are too eager to do it themselves. I got this ‘title’ of being ‘agent of Jews’ in 1999 when I wrote ‘Pakistan should recognise Israel’.

Since that I have been ‘awarded’ with such more ‘titles’ for my political and literary work, but I have not given - in to this harassment, intimidation and blackmailing; and continued with my jihad of speaking truth and providing knowledge which I think is based on facts, and by promoting culture of tolerance, moderation and accountability.

Why Indians are influential

Pakistan is one day older than India and is gifted with enormous natural resources and strategically very important geography. Apart from that Pakistan was the biggest Muslim country with close relationship with the Muslim world, which added to Pakistan’s potential to enhance its influence and power.

Today what we witness is (which is acknowledged by some Pakistani writers and politicians) that Pakistan stands alone in comity of nations; and majority of the countries, including Muslim countries stand with India; and take pride in having relations with India. Economically, politically, democratically, militarily and financially both countries are miles apart, emotionalism aside there is no comparison between them; both countries had to travel a long journey to reach this stage.

Victory always has more than one claimant, and no one likes to share blame in failure; and as Pakistan’s failures is too obvious in many fields I would not like to point them out as it could upset my Pakistani brothers, hence more allegations against me. Fact however remains that Pakistan cannot even provide sufficient food for its people, even though its economy is agrarian. Apart from that there is severe shortage of power, clean water and many other vital things. However there is no shortage of suicide bombers, bomb blasts, internal fighting, extremism, undemocratic decisions and American attacks. All these are recipe for disaster for any country and any society.

India’s success is mainly due to its democratic system. Despite corruption and other contradictions and problems in the society, the democracy and investment in education, science and technology has helped India to advance; and play an important role in world politics. Let us look at some achievements made by Indians.

Richest man in the world is an Indian, Mukesh Ambani who was born in April 1957. He completed his graduation in Chemical engineering, and studied for MBA at Stanford University, and joined Relinace Industries in 1981. He is a Chairman and Managing Director of Reliance Industries and resides in Mumbai. He is the richest man in the world with total value of $63.2 billion not because he is Hindu or an Indian, but because he is an entrepreneur who has worked hard for his position.

The fifth richest man is also an Indian, Lakshmi Mittal with total value of $50.9 billion. He was born on 15th of June 1950 in Rajasthan. He heads the multi national steel company Mittal Steel, which is one of the largest steel companies in the world, with steel making facilities in fourteen countries with 150,000 employees.

General Manager of Hewlett Packard is an Indian, Rajiv Gupta; creator of Pentium chip (90% of the today's computers run on it) is also an Indian, Vinod Dahm. Creator of world's No1 web based email program – hotmail is also an Indian - Sabeer Bhatia. The president of AT & T-Bell Labs - creator of programmes like C, C++, Unix etc is an India, Arun Netravalli. Microsoft Testing Director of Windows 2000 and responsible for all initial problems is an Indian, Sanjay Tejwrika.

There are 3.22 millions of Indians in USA - 1.5% of population, yet:

  • 38% of doctors in USA are Indians;
  • 12% scientists in USA are Indians;
  • 36% of NASA scientists are Indians;
  • 34% of Microsoft employees are Indians;
  • 28% of IBM employees are Indians;
  • 17% of INTEL scientists are Indians;
  • 13% of XEROX employees are Indians.
  • Indians constitute ten percent of all medical students in America.
  • Indians own nearly 40% of all the small and mid-size hotels in the country.
  • Four out of 10 Silicon Valley startups are run by Indians.
  • Indians are the richest immigrant class in the US, with nearly 200,000 millionaires.
  • Between 1990 and 2000, the population of Indian scientists and engineers (S&E) in Silicon Valley grew by 646%.

Apart from that India consumes a fifth of the world's gold output. India is the largest producer and consumer of tea in the world, accounting for more than 30% of global production and 25% of consumption. India is the world's premier centre for diamond cutting and polishing. Nine out of every 10 stones sold in the world pass through India. India's Hero Honda is the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer, with 2002 production of 1.7m units. India has the second-largest pool of scientists and engineers in the world. India has the third-largest investor base in the world.

India has the third-largest army in the world, nearly 1.5 million strong. Indian Railways is the largest employer in the world, with a staff of 1.6 million people under single management. India is the second-largest cement-producing country in the world, producing more than 110m tonnes. India is the largest democracy in the world, with nearly 400m voting in the last national elections.

India is among the few countries who have built a supercomputer indigenously. India is ranked the sixth country in the world in terms of satellite launches.
There are over 70,000 bank branches in India - among the highest in the world.

Indian immigrants have founded more engineering and technology companies in the US in the past decade (1995-2005) than immigrants from the UK, China, Taiwan and Japan combined. Almost 26% of all immigrant-founded companies in the last ten years were founded by Indian immigrants. Immigrants from the UK, China, and Taiwan contributed to 7.1%, 6.9% and 5.8% of all immigrant-founded businesses, respectively.

Based on analysis of the World Intellectual Property Organization, patent databases, the largest group of immigrant non-citizen inventors were Chinese (Mainland and Taiwan-born). Indians were second, followed by the Canadians and British.

This list is not complete, as all the data cannot be included in one article. Most of the above data deals with the Indians in the USA, but Indians also live in the Arab world, Britain and other European countries where they are making substantial contribution to the economies of those countries. The main reason for that is Indians are educated, and they have made a reputation of being honest and hard working people. Many countries prefer to have labour from India rather than Pakistan or Azad Kashmir; and one doesn’t have to be a rocket scientist to know reasons for this.

There are more Indians in Britain than Pakistanis and Kashmiris put together. Whereas we have more people in prisons and in low level jobs; Indians have more people in ‘white collar’ jobs and places of power. We spend more time and money in arranging functions, welcome parties and receptions for police inspectors, ‘patwaris’ and local politicians from AJK and Pakistan than on education of our children and making political space for ourselves in Britain.

I have written this knowing that it will open a flood gate of criticism against me because in our society we are taught to dislike and hate Hindus and Jews; and I have dared to highlight contributions of both communities. I hope my message is understood in its true perspective that we need to channel our energies in making ourselves more competitive rather than cursing others for our mistakes and miseries.


Writer is a Spokesman of Kashmir National Party, political analyst and author of many books and booklets. Also he is Director Institute of Kashmir Affairs. Email: drshabirchoudhry@gmail.com

To view other articles see my blog: http://www.drshabirchoudhry.blogspot.com/



Why Jews are powerful and Muslims are powerless, Dr Shabir Choudhry

Why Jews are powerful and Muslims are powerless

Dr Shabir Choudhry 23 December 2008

Muslims, especially youths, believe that they are under attack; but many non Muslims believe that it is young Muslims who are at a war with rest of the world. In this ‘war’ innocent people are being killed in many parts of the world; and sad thing is that these deaths and destruction are justified as means to end.

Whether Muslims are ‘under attack’ or Muslims are ‘at war’ depends on how both questions are viewed, and positions of individual people; but one thing is sure that all bad things are related to Muslims and they are viewed as terrorists, extremists, backward, rich but powerless and out of step with rest of the world. Moreover most bad things are traced back to Pakistan; and that is blocking path of progress for Muslims peacefully settled in European countries.

Like any other community or followers of any other religion, overwhelming majority of Muslims are good people. However they could be powerless and backward in their thinking and approach to life, because they think this life is temporary and does not deserve their full attention. This approach to life is against the teaching of Islam and practise of the Messenger of Allah.

Almighty Allah demonstrated superiority of knowledge in Qur’an and urged mankind to think and explore. Allah’s Messenger also gave high priority to learning and teaching. Net result of their learning, research and practise was that Muslims made enormous contribution to knowledge and learning in all aspects of human life; and they became rulers of the biggest empire on earth. Over the past centuries Muslims are lagging behind in all walks of human life; and suffer humiliation and face appalling treatment.

Some of the data below might help us why we are so behind. Jews have total population of around 14 Million, which is spread over in various countries. Muslim population on the other hand is more than 1.5 billion, which means for every Jew there are 107 Muslims; and every fifth human being is a Muslim. This small number of Jews – 14 Million are more powerful than 1.5 billion Muslims, not because they are Jews but because they have made more contribution to human life than Muslims can even think.

Just look at the following people who have made enormous contribution to human knowledge and learning; and one thing in common among them – they are all Jews:

Medical Milestones

Vaccinating Needle: Benjamin Ruben Jewish

Polio Vaccine Jonas Salk Jewish

Leukemia Drug Gertrude Elion Jewish

Hepatitis B Baruch Blumberg Jewish

Syphilis Drug Paul Ehrlich Jewish

Neuro muscular Elie Metchnikoff Jewish

Endocrinology Andrew Schally Jewish

Cognitive therapy. Aaron Beck Jewish

Contraceptive Pill Gregory Pincus Jewish

Understanding of Human Eye G. Wald Jewish

Embryology. Stanley Cohen Jewish

Kidney Dialysis Willem Kloffcame Jewish

Inventions that changed History

Micro- Processing Chip. Stanley Mezor Jewish

Nuclear Chain Reactor. Leo Sziland Jewish

Optical Fibre Cable Peter Schultz Jewish

Traffic Lights Charles Adler Jewish

Stainless Steel Benno Strauss Jewish

Sound Movies Isador Kisee Jewish

Telephone Microphone Emile Berliner Jewish

Video Tape Recorder Charles Ginsburg Jewish

Individuals who changed course of History

Albert Einstein Jewish

Sigmund Freud Jewish

Karl Marx Jewish

Paul Samuelson Jewish

Milton Friedman Jewish

Apart from that, most of multi nationals and transnational companies are either owned or managed by Jews. It is amazing to note that 14 Million Jews have produced 180 Nobel Prize Winners; and 1.5 billion Muslims have only managed 3 Nobel Prizes. Dr Abdus Salam was awarded Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979, and had distinction of being the first Pakistani and the first Muslim Nobel Prize Winner.

He belonged to Ahmedi Sect of Islam which was declared non Muslim in Pakistan. In early 1960s he played a leading role in establishing the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) - the atomic research agency, and Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO). Also he was instrumental in setting up five Superior Science colleges throughout Pakistan to further the progress in science in the country. Despite these achievements life was made difficult for him and this genius was forced to leave the country and settle in Italy where he set up International Centre for Theoretical Physics. In other words Italy benefitted from his wisdom and knowledge, and Pakistan didn’t because his religious faith was different to majority of the Pakistani people.

One can also see how India treated its Muslim scientist, Dr Abdul Kalam, and elected him as a President of India; and Pakistan imprisoned its top Scientist, Dr Qadeer Khan who provided nuclear weapons and a series of very advance missile system to bolster defence of pakistan. If Centerfuges and other materials were given to other countries in contrvention of international laws he could not have done this without help and support of senior army and government officials, then why make him scapgoat?

The attitude explained above speaks volumes about love and care Muslims have for knowledge and research. Even in the 21st Century, in Pakistan millions of people have no access to education, and where schools are built they are systematically burnt down or blown out by bombs. Muslims are fast losing interest in education and benefits it could provide because they think they can become rich by other means which might not be legal. Also value of our education is constantly declining; and our ability to provide quality training and produce knowledge is shrinking. As a result of this Muslims are becoming less competitive in every field.

There are 57 Muslim Countries in the world with enormous resources, and yet there are only 500 universities in the Muslim World; and none of the universities in the entire Islamic World rank in the top 500 universities of the world. On the other hand the USA alone has 5,758 universities. In Christian countries 40% of population attend university; and in Muslim countries only 2% make to universities.

Even Pakistan’s neighbour and Third World country, India has 8,407 universities; and Indian scientists, doctors and engineers are performing crucial role in advanced societies of the world. It is on strength of this, after the Mumbai carnage one USA based Indian wrote to me that India has softwere engineers, scientists and doctors to ‘export’, and Pakistan can only ‘export drugs and terrorists’.

So problem is lack of educational and high tech training facilities, our failure to learn new knowledge; and our wrong priorities and failure to provide resources for education and research has put us where we are today. And instead of learning from our past mistakes and sorting out our priorities we Muslims, especially Muslims of South Asia like to shift blame to others by saying that it is Jewish, Hindu or American conspiracy.

A prominent Kashmiri journalist, Sardar Zia Mahmood who has kindly provided me this data, while talking to me said, ‘One cause of extremism and terrorism is our inability to educate our young people and provide adequate opportunities for those who worked hard to get qualifications’. He further said, ‘If we want to combat terrorism and extremism then we have to divert resources to educate and train people and promote culture of tolerance and democratic values’.

Writer is a Spokesman of Kashmir National Party, political analyst and author of many books and booklets. Also he is Director Institute of Kashmir Affairs. Email: drshabirchoudhry@gmail.com

To view other articles see my blog: www.drshabirchoudhry.blogspot.com

Sunday, 6 November 2011

Details of non local controlling business in Gilgit Baltistan

Details of non local controlling business in Gilgit Baltistan

http://tanveerandkashmir.blogspot.com/2011/10/details-of-non-locals-residing.html#.TpyNOQrRTW0.blogger

Details of Non-locals residing, conducting business and acquiring land/property in Gilgit-Baltistan

It is considered that the 1927 State Subject Rule promulgated by the last Dogra Maharajah Hari Singh in the erstwhile State of Jammu and Kashmir has been violated, suspended or held in abeyance in Gilgit Baltistan, particularly since the Bhutto era in the early 1970's. The figures cited below have a margin of error not more than 10% of each figure quoted.

District wise data (%)

DISTRICT

CITY

BUSINESS

PROPERTIES

Gilgit

Gilgit

60.00%

35.00%

Jiglot

50.00%

20.00%

Ghizer

Gahkuch

70.00%

30.00%

Gupis

60.00%

50.00%

Yasin

20.00%

10.00%

Chatorkhand

20.00%

15.00%

Diamer

Chilas

35.00%

40.00%

Baltistan

Skardu

20.00%

10.00%

Ghanche

Khapulo

15.00%

8.00%

Hunza-Nagar

Aliabad

15.00%

0.00%

Sost

40.00%

5.00%

Astore

Eidgah

20.00%

15.00%

Major flour mills, petrol pumps, hotels and transport companies also belong to non-locals. While 80% of trade with China trade at Sost border (in Hunza-Nagar), 60% of timber business also belong to non-locals. Needless to add, the demography of Gilgit-Baltistan is at serious risk, if not already heavily undermined.

Thursday, 3 November 2011

Issue of Kashmir and growing India and Pakistan relations, Dr Shabir Choudhry

Issue of Kashmir and growing India and Pakistan relations

Dr Shabir Choudhry 31 October 2011

Text of speech delivered by Dr Shabir Choudhry in a seminar arranged by United Kashmir Peoples National Party in London

Mr Chairman, friends and colleagues aslamo alaykam. I want to thank you for inviting me to express my views on this important topic.

I strongly believe that for peace, stability and prosperity of this region both India and Pakistan must have friendly and cordial relationship which could only be achieved with strong trade and economic partnership in various fields of social and economic life.

I understand some sections of the Pakistani and Kashmiri societies advance this view that all disputes, including the Kashmir dispute between the both countries should be resolved before they embark on this road of friendship and mutual cooperation.

I disagree with this view point; and strongly emphasis that India and Pakistan relations, including the Kashmir dispute must not be held hostage to the hostilities of the past. However, I know peace does not suit some powerful forces; and because of that India and Pakistan find it difficult to manage peace and live as good neighbours.

Before I say anymore on the future trade relationship between the two countries, I want to briefly explain how efforts to have peace and trade relationship have been hampered in the past. Pakistan became and independent country on 14th August 1947, and India and Jammu and Kashmir became independent on 15th August when the British Raj ended in the Indian Sub Continent.

The partition of India on religious lines resulted in blood bath and bitterness, but that could have been healed with time. All three countries – India, Pakistan and Kashmir were confronted with enormous problems soon after their independence, and they were struggling to cope with them; and to make matters worse, in name of Jihad hordes of savage tribesmen were sent by Pakistan to invade Jammu and Kashmir that started a military confrontation in the region which has not ended yet.

This unprovoked attack not only resulted in death and destruction of innocent people of Jammu and Kashmir, it also forced the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir to seek military help from India, which was provided after the Maharaja signed the provisional accession with India. So root cause of our present problems and problems since 1947 is this tribal attack that was carried out not to help Kashmiris, but to capture Kashmir.

Mr Chairman

Pakistani government managed this tribal attack by violating a treaty they had with the government of Jammu and Kashmir, known as Standstill Agreement. This naked aggression against a smaller neighbour demonstrated what value the Pakistani officials had for bilateral agreements, and how they can use their proxies to advance their political and imperialist agenda. One Kashmiri writer has rightly called this attack as ‘Pakistan’s first proxy war’.

Despite disagreements over demilitarisation and implementation of the UNCIP Resolutions for the resolution of the Kashmir dispute, relationship between both countries improved in late 1950s and early 1960s; and there was even a suggestion from Pakistan to India to have a joint defence. However, those who did not want peace between the countries hatched a plan called Operation Gibraltar and sent thousands of militants in Jammu and Kashmir in 1965 to ‘liberate’ that part of Kashmir. This was done without taking Kashmiri leadership in confidence; and result of this adventure was a direct military clash between India and Pakistan, and worsening of relationship.

After the defeat of 1971, Pakistani policy makers decided to avoid a direct military clash and instead relied on militant groups; and under a new plan called Operation Topac, once again, thousands of militants were trained and sent to Kashmir with weapons to wage a low level insurgency. Unlike 1965, Pakistani planners this time proved to be more sensible and they used services of Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front to provide them raw material of local Kashmiri people who could be trained to commit acts of violence on the Indian side of the divide, especially in the Valley.

This militancy which started in 1988 has seen many ups and downs, and nearly resulted in another war between India and Pakistan. Anyhow, Nawaz Sharif, during his second tenure as a Prime Minister realised that they cannot carry on fighting each other for ever, and decided to have friendly relationship with India. He wanted to improve trade relations with India and also tried to resolve all disputes with India including the Kashmir dispute.

The Indian Prime Minister, on the other hand, was also behaving in serious manner and he visited Lahore and both built some understanding, as to how to move forward to resolve all disputes and create friendly environment. It was possible that these two Prime Ministers could have resolved these disputes and started a new era of friendship in this region, but those who did not want peace in this region they sabotaged this process by military adventure in Kargil. This military adventure derailed the entire process and once again embittered the relationship.

In other words, some politicians of Pakistan have realised that they need to have peace and stability for the progress of this region and to meet challenges of the 21st Century, but peace does not suit all power brokers in Pakistan. Perhaps it would be appropriate to say that people with vested interest which are on both sides of the divide, do not like peace in this region. Their business and personal interests demand constant state of war and tension between India and Pakistan; they want extremism, hatred and violence to increase, as it also provides justification for creation of Pakistan.

Mr Chairman

I agree for peace, stability and prosperity of this region we need friendship between India and Pakistan. Whether you are a Muslim, a Hindu, a Sikh or a Buddhist, at the end of the day, we all want to enjoy fundamental human rights, have economic prosperity, security, good education for our children, and that can only be achieved if there is peace and friendly relationship between India and Pakistan. Pakistan has expressed its intention to grant India a status of ‘Most Favoured Nation’. This, in my opinion, is a right step in right direction; but my fear is that those who do not like peace in this region could strike again to sabotage this process.

Despite that fear of sabotage, there are signs that leadership of both India and Pakistan are showing signs of maturity. They are improving their relationship, even though there are facing pressures from different quarters. They feel they have to work with each other to safeguard interests of South Asia, and keep away other powers that have interest in the region but do not belong to this region. One can see that India which is regarded as an ‘arch enemy’ of Pakistan by some Pakistanis, supported and lobbied for Pakistan’s bid for a seat in the United Nations Security Council.

Furthermore, as the situation stands today, India does not want to become part of any military adventure against Pakistan; and NATO or America on their own cannot teach Pakistan a lesson for playing ‘double game’ with them in Afghanistan. There are signs that both governments will cooperate with each other in Afghanistan and support each other for trade links in Afghanistan and Central Asia. In this regard statement of Hillary Clinton about revival of ‘old silk route’ is very important.

Mr Chairman

It is wrong assumption that we are in good books of India; this is propaganda of those quarters who do not like what we do to promote pro people and pro peace agenda. Yes, Shaukat Kashmiri and I have been to India few times to take part in conferences which were part of ‘Track Two diplomacy. Those who arranged these conferences also made arrangements for our visas. But in this May, Kashmir National Party decided that we should visit Jammu and Kashmir to set up our branches in those areas; and we were not given visas when we told purpose of our visit.

Anyhow, in those conferences, we presented our case on Kashmir which was pro people and pro peace, as we believe there is no military solution to the Kashmir dispute. We looked at things from a Kashmiri view point and not from a religious view point, as we believe the Kashmir dispute is a political dispute and it requires a political solution; and those who want to make it a religious dispute want to divide people of Jammu and Kashmir and the State of Jammu and Kashmir on religious lines.

Furthermore, we looked at things from a South Asian perspective, as we cannot live in isolation. Even if Jammu and Kashmir become an independent country we need to live in peace and harmony with our neighbours; and will need their help and support in different development projects.

Economic relationship, trade, tourism, relaxing of visas and social interaction will help us all to understand each other and build bridges of confidence. Once we have common interest and common goals in the region, then we will trust each other and understand perspective of other people better; and in that environment of trust and friendship we can resolve all our disputes through a process of dialogue.

Remember, the Kashmir dispute is not a bilateral dispute between India and Pakistan. This dispute concerns our identity, our culture, our future and inherent and inalienable right of self determination - and not right of accession; and in view of all this, it is only logical that we people should be part of the dialogue process. In any case, a solution worked out by bureaucrats of India and Pakistan will be rejected by people of Jammu and Kashmir.

We people of Jammu and Kashmir are principal party to the Kashmir dispute. India is a party because of that Provisional Accession; and Pakistan is a party because of de - facto control of the Kashmiri territory –Pakistan was not invited to come to Jammu and Kashmir, and the Pakistani forces moved in to Kashmir by violating the Standstill Agreement. State of Jungarrh acceded to Pakistan and Pakistan accepted that accession, but because Pakistan did not have control of Junagarh’s territory, Pakistan had no say in affairs of that State and it became part of India.

China is also our neighbour and occupies our territory, but hitherto China is not considered as a party to the Kashmir dispute. However, for the past few years Pakistan and some Kashmiri leaders on behest of Pakistan are trying to make China a party to the Kashmir dispute.

I can see why Pakistan wants to make China a party to the Kashmir dispute, but they should understand that it is very dangerous move. China is a mighty neighbour with its own strategic, political and economic goals; and if China is made a party to the dispute then they will also be a party to the resolution. The Chinese involvement will further complicate the Kashmir dispute, and resolution China might support might not be in our interest; so it is appropriate that we ensure that China does not become a party to this dispute.

I want to conclude that India and Pakistan are taking appropriate steps to harmonise their bilateral relations, and strengthen trade and business; and where necessary support each other at international level. In my view political leaders of both countries are on the right path, and they will make the desired progress provided men with gun do not interfere; and if they do pull out a gun, which is not ruled out, then this will land the entire region in quandary.

Mr Chairman, thank you for your patience.

Writer is a leader of Kashmir National Party, political analyst and author of many books and booklets. Also he is Director Institute of Kashmir Affairs. Email: drshabirchoudhry@gmail.com

To view my other articles see visit: www.k4kashmir.com

Thursday, 27 October 2011

A very interesting BBC documentary to watch

A very interesting BBC documentary to watch

In Islamic Republic of Pakistan 16,000 people committed suicide in one year

In Islamic Republic of Pakistan 16,000 people committed suicide in one year. These are recorded figures and those who were saved or those deaths were not registered are not included. Some misguided people with misplaced loyalty are persuading people of Jammu and Kashmir to join Pakistan.