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Tuesday, 19 February 2013
This is what Pakistan army man did in POK
This
is what Pakistan army man did in POK
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Hanged at 8 am, Dr. Syed Nazir Gilani
Hanged at 8 am
Sunday, 10 Feb 2013 at 09:54
Afzal’s execution may seem fit to
satiate the feelings of revenge but justice is not about revenge
Dr. Syed Nazir Gilani
People in
all the three administrations of Jammu and Kashmir, Diaspora and a respectably
growing constituency of their sympathisers were linking with each other about
the 29th Death Anniversary of Maqbool Bhat who was hanged in Tihar Jail Delhi
on 11 February 1984, in reaction to the kidnap and murder of an Indian diplomat
in Birmingham – United Kingdom, that we heard Home Minister Sushilkumar Shinde
say to reporters that Afzal Guru was hanged at 8 am on Saturday.
High Court
in its judgement on a petition of Maqbool Bhat on 6 August 1981 held that in
view of Maqbool Bhat’s pending mercy petition before the President, Bhat can’t
be classed as one ‘under sentence of death’ and can’t be confined apart from
other prisoners. The Court held that his transfer to the death cell on 27 April
1981 is ‘arbitrary and illegal”. Consequently Bhat was shifted to Ward 1.
Supreme Court of India, meanwhile, stayed the execution of the death sentence,
on 11 April 1983. United Nations, Amnesty International, High Court of Delhi
and the Supreme Court of India were on the side of Maqbool Bhat.
Delhi lost its cool on the murder of its diplomat in Birmingham and overran all these considerations and reacted to hang Maqbool Bhat on 11 February 1984. He was buried in Tihar jail and his mortal remains continue to remain as ‘prisoner’. Maqbool Bhat as a student, as a politician, as a one who dared to cross the line of control, as a prisoner , as a friend, as a journalist and as a nationalist of his times has continued to inspire masses, in particular the youth of Kashmir. Political parties, in particular, Plebiscite Front (PF), National Liberation Front (NLF), Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) and others exalt him as a symbol to the highest point in their admiration.
Home
Minister Sushilkumar Shinde’s statement that Afzal Guru was hanged at 8 am on
Saturday left no choice for JKLF leadership and others in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
to prepone their February 11 programme and set up an instant protest camp.
One could see Amanullah Khan and Yasin Malik, with many others sitting sullen
faced and braving the cold inside the tent. A moment of grief and woe for any
human person and more so for those who had an association with Afzal Guru and
did not subscribe to a death sentence.
JKCHR has
inscribed its interest in Afzal Guru Case from August 2011, when its members
from Kashmir Chapter in Srinagar visited the Guru family in Sopore. I have
expressed my concerns on the quality of his legal defence, in particular when
his wife made a statement that “a police officer unlawfully used his position
to coerce Afzal and his family into walking on a dotted line during the hearing
of the case.”
By virtue of
an attack on the Parliament and the attempt to wipe out the entire political
leadership of India, Afzal’s case attracted the “rarest of rare” crimes. We had
a precedent in which Sonia Gandhi appealed for mercy on behalf of Murugan's
wife Nalini sentenced in Rajiv Gandhi murder case and the sentence was commuted
to life term. She was given the benefit of an exclusion category of "new
mothers".
International
standards have also developed in such a way as to exclude more and more
categories of people from those against whom the death penalty might be used in
countries which have not abolished it. The exclusion of "new mothers"
is widely observed in practice. This exclusion could have applied to Afzal Guru
as well.
Afzal as a state subject does not seem to have received appropriate attention from the State Government, from President of India under Article 72 (1) (c) which empower the President to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment, or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence in all cases where the law provides for a death sentence and from the Governor under Article 161.
Afzal as a state subject does not seem to have received appropriate attention from the State Government, from President of India under Article 72 (1) (c) which empower the President to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment, or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence in all cases where the law provides for a death sentence and from the Governor under Article 161.
It remains a
tragedy that the National Conference could not once again save itself from
another blame to have remained in one or the other manner answerable for a part
in this second hanging as well. It has failed to address the concerns raised by
Guru’s wife that “a police officer unlawfully used his position to
coerce Afzal and his family into walking on a dotted line during the hearing of
the case.”
It is even
more distressing that J&K Chief Minister in 2013 should say that he was not
consulted and had no hand in the execution of Guru. If one were to believe the
chief minister that Delhi did not regard it important to take him on board and
that a mercy request made by PDP did not hold any merit, chief minister has a
reason to stand up to Delhi for failing to address the bare fundamentals in
such cases and resign.
Chief
Minister has not only failed in his oath to the people of Jammu and Kashmir, he
has equally let down all those Kashmiris who braved the annoyance of
establishment in Islamabad and made valiant efforts to bring him and his father
out of cold, to share the favour and credibility of Pakistani leadership in
London, Toronto and Brussels. Chief Minister has betrayed the sentiment which
stood at guard to protect him in Islamabad, when the establishment decided to
ignore him and drive rest of the delegation to Mir Pur. The flow of
Kashmiri delegations that kept calling on him in his hotel in Islamabad
frustrated the establishment. The exclusive reception in his honour hosted by
Muslim Conference could not have been possible without the intervention of
Kashmiri Diaspora.
Government
of India has stated that the J&K government has been taken into confidence
before Guru's hanging early on Saturday. The common sense supports the GoI
claim because an execution required a preparedness to face an instant law and
order situation in Kashmir. Therefore, it would have taken a considerable
discussion between Delhi and Srinagar to put in place a contingency plan to
keep order in various parts of the valley and to respond to a spill over.
The manner
in which the execution seems to have been carried out without informing the
family to have a final word with Afzal, find about his last wish and how to
conduct the family affairs after his death, highlights a characteristic of a
primitive cave age society. There is no grace in the manner of justice.
It would
raise many eye brows in the decent circles in India and across the world that
Guru’s family had been informed about his execution through “Speed Post and
registered post”. It is very unfortunate and callous disregard of the urgency
involved in such communications. If at all a Kashmiri prisoner facing a death
penalty and being prepared to walk to the gallows had any ‘rights’ in the
discipline of Indian justice, Delhi should have alerted the J&K Government
to break the news to them and to provide necessary means to the poor family to
make it in time to Tihar jail before the noose was tightened.
The statement
of Union Home Secretary RK Singh that J&K government has been taken into
confidence before Guru's execution puts chief minister’s credibility in the
boil. However, Guru's lawyers Nandita Haksar and N Pancholi have stated that
his family was not informed about the government decision to hang him. It does
not do much good to the duty to fairness and the discipline of justice, if the
Union Home Secretary feels unsure and has asked the Director General of Jammu
and Kashmir Police to check with Guru’s family whether the intimation sent to
them through Speed Post, registered post has been received by them or not.
It was a
requirement which should have been addressed before the execution. The
statement of the lawyers that the family came to know about Guru's hanging only
through news channels does not endear Delhi to Sopore in particular. "The
family was not informed about the decision. They came to know only through news
channels. The family is in Sopore. They cannot come due to curfew," makes
a painful statement. Delhi administration which guards every household in
Kashmir should have paid due regard to the fact that even if the family was
informed in time, travel time for them would not have been enough to make it on
time to Tihar jail in Delhi.
Afzal’s execution may seem fit to satiate the feelings of revenge but justice is not about revenge. There is difference between asking a full pardon and a petition praying that death sentence be commuted to life imprisonment. On balance one could satisfactorily state that hanging Afzal would neither serve the cause of justice nor repair the loss suffered by the families during the attack on Parliament. Our condolences go out to Afzal’s wife Tabassum.
Afzal’s execution may seem fit to satiate the feelings of revenge but justice is not about revenge. There is difference between asking a full pardon and a petition praying that death sentence be commuted to life imprisonment. On balance one could satisfactorily state that hanging Afzal would neither serve the cause of justice nor repair the loss suffered by the families during the attack on Parliament. Our condolences go out to Afzal’s wife Tabassum.
Author is London based Secretary General of JKCHR – NGO in Special Consultative Status with the United Nations. He could be reached on email dr-nazirgilani@jkchr.com
Saturday, 16 February 2013
Saturday, 9 February 2013
Hanging of Afzal Guru – India provided another martyr to Kashmiri
Hanging of Afzal Guru – India provided
another martyr to Kashmiri
Dr Shabir Choudhry 09 February 2013
On the morning of Saturday 9th February 2013, Mohammed Afzal
Guru was hanged in Tihar Jail of New Delhi and buried inside the Jail. This
undesirable action was carried out only two days before 29th death anniversary
of Maqbool Butt, who was also hanged in the same jail on 11 February 1984.
It was not the first time a Kashmiri leader was executed in unsatisfactory
manner and buried without handing the body to the relatives. Afzal Guru, whether
guilty or innocent is no more with us, and let us pray that Almighty bless his
soul.
Afzal Guru was accused of masterminding the
attack on the Indian Parliament on 13 December 2001, in which 14 people lost
their lives. All five attackers were killed on spot. India accused the Jaish-e-Mohammed
militant group for this attack which has links with some officials of the
Pakistani establishment. Afzal Guru and Shaukat Hussain Guru were sentenced to
death in December 2002 for planning and providing logistic support for the
attack. On appeal the sentence of Shaukat Hussain Guru was reduced to 10 years;
and he was released on 30th December 2010.
In the same case, two other people, Delhi University Lecturer, SAR Geelani
and Afshan Guru, wife of Shaukat Hussain Guru were acquitted due to a lack of
evidence. What that suggests is that there must be some evidence against Afzal
Guru and Shaukat Hussain Guru. Afzal Guru was to be
executed on 20 October 2006, but after his wife’s clemency appeal to the
President of India, it was put on hold. On 3 February 2013, the present
President of India Pranab Mukherjee rejected the appeal, hence the execution of
the accused.
It is not common in India to hang people for murder. Since 2004, only
two people have been executed. Mohammed Ajmal Kasab was executed in November
2012 for his involvement in the 2008 Mumbai attacks; and Afzal Guru for his
involvement on the attacks on the Indian Parliament.
One may not say that Afzal guru was completely innocent man; but he
certainly did not deserve a death sentence. In one TV interview he acknowledged
his role in the incident, which was limited to providing logistic support and
weapons. He also acknowledged that he went to Pakistani administered Kashmir as
a JKLF man for training; and he later on established links with Jaish E
Mohammed. 1
Important point here is that Afzal Guru was not part of the team that
attacked the Parliament. He did not kill anyone, although he had some
supportive role in the incident. People who are directly involved in murders,
at times, do not get death sentence, and question arises why Afzal Guru had to
be hanged? Why his sentence could not have been changed to life imprisonment?
Timing of the hanging and the way it was carried out, and what they did
to his body speaks volumes about callousness of the authorities. If he had to
be sentenced to death, why he had to be hanged two days before the death anniversary
of Maqbool Butt, when feeling are running very high; and anti India feeling are
at its peak? Why his family was not allowed to meet him before executing him? Above
all, why his death body was not given to his family?
Is that not clear breach of fundamental human rights, and against ethics
and morality? Is this not to rub salt in wounds of the suffering people? Is
this not a message to angry and frustrated people of Kashmir that their
sentiments, dignity and honour were not important to the authorities?
What that indicates is that some people don’t want any kind of peace or normalcy
in Jammu and Kashmir, as Kashmir dispute has become a big business and a
valuable source for winning public support or diverting attention from other
important issues. One Kashmiri journalist today phoned me and asked my views
about this incident. I expressed my serious anger, concern and strongly opposed
this action; and called it a breach of fundamental human rights.
He agreed with me, but added that Afzal Guru was not innocent, as he had
some role in the incident – he provided weapons which were used to kill people;
but he should not have been hanged. He also agreed that his body must have been
given to his family. He said: ‘Choudhry Sahib the Kashmir dispute will never be
resolved. One condition for a plebiscite is normal situation; and those who are
in position of power always ensure that the normal situation does not prevail
in Jammu and Kashmir State’.
Commenting on the incident General
secretary of CPI(ML) Liberation, Dipankar Bhattacharya said: "Faced with growing popular opposition and resistance one very
front, the Congress party and the UPA government are desperately trying to
appease the BJP and the communal-fascist brigade." 2
Arun Dhati Roy writes: ‘Like most surrendered
militants Afzal was easy meat in Kashmir — a victim of torture, blackmail,
extortion. In the larger scheme of things he was a nobody. Anyone who was
really interested in solving the mystery of the Parliament Attack would have
followed the dense trail of evidence that was on offer. No one did, thereby
ensuring that the real authors of conspiracy will remain unidentified and
uninvestigated. But now that Afzal Guru has been hanged, I hope our collective
conscience has been satisfied. Or is our cup of blood still only half full?’ 3
The Supreme Court judgment says the evidence is
circumstantial: “As is the case with most conspiracies, there is and could be
no direct evidence amounting to criminal conspiracy.” But then it goes on to
say: “The incident, which resulted in heavy casualties had shaken the entire
nation, and the collective conscience of society will only be satisfied if
capital punishment is awarded to the offender.” 4
Already demonstrations on both parts of the divided State have started.
Whereas, demonstrations on the Indian side of Jammu and Kashmir have become
violent; demonstrations on the Pakistani side were peaceful and despite
government support numbers were limited to few hundred people. Fearing demonstrations
as a result of Afzal Guru’s hanging the authorities in Jammu and Kashmir imposed
a curfew, but hundreds of people still came out resulting in some injuries.
The big test will be on 11 February. Despite the curfew, people will
come out in thousands; and that could result in serious clashes resulting in
loss of valuable lives and damage to property. I hope common sense prevails and
the authorities do not show heavy handedness; and let angry people protest peacefully
and express their sentiments.
This incident will remain controversial, as some will claim he was
innocent, others will say he was part of the terror project and was rightly
executed. Some will say he had some role in it but did not deserve death sentence.
Whether innocent or not, but by hanging Afzal Guru India has provided another
prominent martyr to the Kashmiri Muslims. Afzal Guru is dead, but he will live
as a martyr, and will boost anti India sentiments. My fear is that some groups
will claim that they have no hope for justice; and that will provide new
recruits for violence and terrorism.
References:
4. ibid
Writer is a political analyst and author of many books and
booklets. Also he is Director Institute of Kashmir Affairs.Email:
Thursday, 7 February 2013
OIC reaffirms support to people of Kashmir
OIC reaffirms support to people of Kashmir
Foreign Minister Hina Rabbani Khar speaks during an OIC contact group
meeting on Kashmir during 12th OIC Summit in Cairo on Thursday. – Photo by INP
ISLAMABAD: The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
(OIC) on Thursday reaffirmed its support to the people of Kashmir— a disputed
area between India and Pakistan— for their right of self determination.
The 12th
OIC Summit, held in Cairo on Feb 6 and 7, adopted a joint communique, which
besides addressing issues of interest and concern to the Muslims around the globe,
has reaffirmed its support to the Kashmiris
Foreign
Minister Hina Rabbani Khar led the Pakistani delegation to the 12th Islamic
Summit.
The
communique also urged India to allow the OIC fact-finding mission, the
international human rights groups and humanitarian organisations to visit Jammu
and Kashmir.
The
Islamic body has urged India to undertake independent investigation into the
discovery of mass graves and ensure free and fair trial of those responsible
for the heinous crimes.
In
addition, the communique expressed deep concern on the recent ceasefire
violations along the Line of Control (LoC) and welcomed Pakistan’s proposal to
hold investigation through United Nations Military Observer Group for India and
Pakistan (UMMOGIP).
On
Afghanistan, the final communique has also affirmed support to the people of
Afghanistan, and appreciated Pakistan’s efforts in hosting a large number of
Afghan refugees.
The
summit expressed satisfaction on the progress made in establishing new OIC
organs including the Independent Permanent Commission of Human Rights (IPCHR)
and the OIC Women Development Organisation (WDO). Pakistan is already a
signatory to the Statute of WDO.
On the
sidelines of the summit, the Pakistani foreign minister held a number of
bilateral meetings with her counterparts in Iran, Turkey, Azerbaijan,
Kazakhstan, and UAE.
She
exchanged views on regional and international developments.
The
summit had brought together leaders of the Islamic countries to discuss
political, economic and socio-cultural issues of significance to the Muslim
world including the Palestine issue, situations in Syria and Mali, and
“Islamophobia.”
Pakistan
as a founder member of the OIC participated actively in the summit and
preparatory ministerial and senior officials meetings. Pakistan was also
elected as vice-chair of the summit.
In her
statement to the summit, the foreign minister underscored the need to address
daunting challenges faced by the Muslim world through unity, solidarity, and a
spirit of Islamic brotherhood.
She
briefed the participating leaders on the deepening of democratic process in
Pakistan that has led to strengthening of democratic institutions, flow of
resources to provinces and local governments, and enactment of legislation on
protecting fundamental freedoms, and women, children and minorities’ rights.
Khar
affirmed that Pakistan remained committed to the composite dialogue process
with India to resolve all outstanding issues.
Reiterating
Pakistan’s support to the Afghan-led and Afghan-owned reconciliation process,
the foreign minister said that her country was extending all possible
assistance to intra-Afghan reconciliation process.
FM Khar
expressed concern on the continuing trend of “Islamophobia” and emphasised the
need for developing a unified strategy for preventing religious hatred and
defamation of religions on the pretext of freedom of expression.
Underscoring
the need to increase intra-OIC trade and economic cooperation, the foreign
minister presented various proposals for the advancement of science and
technology under the patronage of the OIC standing committee on science and
technology (COMSTECH).
The
president of Pakistan is the chairman of COMSTECH, which is exploring the
possibility of convening an OIC Summit on science and technology.
The OIC
contact group on Jammu and Kashmir also met on the sidelines of the Summit. The
meeting was co-chaired by Foreign Minister Khar and the secretary general OIC,
and was attended by high officials from Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Niger, who reiterated
their continued support to the people of Jammu and Kashmir.
President
of Pakistan-administered Kashmir Sardar Muhammad Yaqoob Khan, and different
representatives from Kashmir also participated in the meeting. They presented a
memorandum on the Kashmir cause.
http://dawn.com/2013/02/07/oic-reaffirms-support-to-people-of-kashmir/
FROM MHATRE’S MURDER TO MAQBOOL’S MARTYRDOM. By Hashim Qureshi
FROM MHATRE’S MURDER TO MAQBOOL’S MARTYRDOM.
By Hashim Qureshi
In the month of February 1984, Amanullah Khan contrived the kidnapping of Ravinder Mhatre, an Indian diplomat in London, by an organization called Kashmir Liberation Army. At that time, I happened to be in UK with Afzal Tahir a friend from POK. London police rounded me up also like some other in connection with the investigation in the case. But as nothing was proved against me, I was set free within seventy two hours.
I had no information that the diplomat had been kidnapped. I and Afzal Tahir had been staying with Amanullah in Luton but a day prior to the kidnapping incident, both of us were sent away to another friend’s house. By Amanullah's movements, I suspected that something abnormal was happening or was going to happen. Then came the news that the kidnapped diplomat had been murdered and with that the way was paved for the execution of Maqbool Butt in Tihar Jail.
The murder of Mhatre became catalyst to Maqbool Butt`s execution. The question is; was Mhatre`s murder really necessary? This is the fourth year( 1988 ) of Maqbool Butt martyrdom. Here I venture to make an effort to place before the Kashmiri nation and all freedom loving people the circumstances and events leading to his execution so that enslaved nations may learn a bitter lesson that the lives of great freedom fighters should not be thrown away cheaply. I have made it sufficiently clear that I nurse no political or personal grudge or enmity against anybody. I am stating only the facts because at the time of murder of the Assistant Commissioner of Indian High Commission in UK. I happened to be in London. Scotland Yard also picked me up in connection with the investigation of the case but set me free within 72 hours when nothing that could implicate me, was found. Now I am fully acquainted with the real actors involved in Mhatre murder case. Alongside the story of the case, I am presenting documentary evidence leaving the task of judgment to the Kashmiri nation from whose hands has been snatched an illustrious and remarkable son of the soil for personal fame and self projection only.
Maqbool Butt was arrested by the Indian security forces near Baramullah in 1976 and was brought to be locked up in a dark cell in Tihar jail, Delhi under close guard. Death sentences had been pronounced against him for alleged murder of a police inspector in 1966 though in fact this inspector had been shot dead by one Aurangzeb because he had tried to run away. Aurangzeb was killed the next day in an encounter with the Indian army. Death sentence pronounced against Butt Sahib after his second arrest (1976) was maintained by the Indian authorities who had been deferred because he had escaped from the jail in December 1968. He had filed an appeal against death sentence in the Indian Supreme Court which was rejected for technical reasons. He had filed write the death sentence by the special court, requisite legal formalities had not been completed. He had, as such, demanded that records pertaining to his case be brought before the high court. This writes 1976 to 1984, Indian authorities locked him up in the death cell but did not execute him.
As a matter of reaction to Mhatre`s murder, Indian government ignoring all political, moral and legal obligation, lost no time in sending him to the gallows. At the closing moments of his life, Butt Sahib had said;
“I am being hanged immediately after Mahatre`s murder As a result of politics of revenge. I have no knowledge of the murder which has been carried out at Birmingham, a place eight thousand miles away from my prison cell”.
My firm belief is that if Mhatre had not been murdered, the Government of India would not have executed Butt sahib. This view was endorsed by Zafar Meraj, the nephew of Late Shamim Ahmed Shamim(MP) in Rawalpindi in 1986. He is correspondent of Kashmir times and also the editor of weekly Aiena. His words were,” Indira Gandhi regime representative had held two rounds of talks with Maqbool Butt in the Jail. But he was not prepared to accept state`s accession to India. Instead, he argued for independent Kashmir asserting that independent Kashmir was necessary for bringing lasting peace to the sub-continent.
A number of times we suspended various types of action against India because we know that the Indian government would execute Maqbool Butt as retaliatory measure. Before that we had not act effectively according to plan, we forget a legal battle in the Indian courts for the release of Maqbool Butt. International opinion had to be smoothened against his execution.
The Liberation Front had, before I am effective and practicable action plan, the murder of Mhatre, if not the result of a conspiracy, was certainly a dirty game of winning cheap popularity and a foolhardy adventure. The leadership of Liberation Front could not utilize the sentiments aroused by the martyrdom of Maqbool Butt to the advancement of the freedom movement of Kashmiri nation. What is more, unfortunately within the party, the chairman injected confusion and contradiction by branding all those member and individuals as traitors and communists who offered a better proposal or differed with his opinion. It becomes my national duty to lift the curtain from Mhatre murder case and factors which inspired the adventure. It is necessary to come out in open because even now the killers of Mhatre, who are in truth the killers of Maqbool Butt, continue to exploit the sentiments of Kashmiri youth in order to satisfy their urge of winning popularity as leaders of Kashmir. Since I happened to be in London at the time of murder, some circles tried to create an impression that I had something to do with this murder. This also prompts me to put the record straight for those who are interested in our history and also for our future generations.
I will not speak about the work done by the Liberation Front on political front. But in the sphere of armed struggle, its action betrayed dismal immaturity as these were replete with dangerous consequences. Any person with elementary knowledge of the game of politics would neither himself undertake nor allow other to undertake such adventures. In this context, the letter I wrote to Amanullah Khan in 1985 was, in fact frank expression of protest against many actions of Amanullah Khan including that of the murder of Mhatre conducted in the name of armed struggle. I condemned serious party affairs were conducted. At the time Butt Sahib`s martyrdom. I even caught Amanullah by his collar and said,” You are the murderer of Maqbool Butt.”
I have been virtually fighting a war within the party since 1984 with regard to Mhatre murder case. But the system since the days of Amanullah Khan`s chairmanship has been that no room is left for difference of opinion and frank debate on issues. As a result, till date more than a hundred workers have either been shown the door or chose to quit the party only on the basis of their difference of opinion with him, they have been given epithets no less than traitors. In the past, I was also bestowed the appendage of a communist on the basis of my audacity to differ in opinions. By not accepting the democratic approach of debating issues, Liberation front is fragmented into dozens of groups today. While concluding that letter, I had emphatically said that if the member of central committee of the party is not capable of changing the conditions, then in that case I would release this letter along with my resignation to party workers and the press. Ultimately in February 1986. I had to resign as an organizer and member of the central committee of Liberation Front. This resignation had not been accepted by the central committee and the working council till my departure from Pakistan in September 1986. I know nothing what happened later on.
Adventurism
Before opening a detailed discussion on Mhatre case, I must speak about the contemplated plan of hijacking an airliner. Such a plan was certainly there with the objective of seeking the release of Maqbool Butt. Being ignorant of political and military strategies and impatient to win cheap and quick popularity, Amanullah Khan wrecked the entire plan, for the execution of this plan, he had selected two persons from Paris and two from London. The Paris team however, did not meet with Amanullah Khan for such a big adventure nor were they briefed on the subject. But the two persons sent from London to bring the Paris team. Had been instructed to brief them during the journey. This was disclosed by Amanullah Khan in his letter addressed to me and to Dr. Farooq Haider. He wrote” owing to paucity of time and no chance of a meeting could not make a briefing to Qayum and others. The other two people could not make him understand. Qayyum could not come because of legal constraints and I could not go to Paris for want of time.
For such a stupendous project, Amanullah Khan selected a team of four persons who had neither any knowledge of the technique of hijacking an aircraft nor did they know one another. They were given no training whatever of the mission entrusted to them. None among them had ever taken a gun or a pistol in his hand. Yes, of course they were brimming with sentiment . The hijacking was to synchronies with the Non-Aligned countries moot scheduled for 9-11 March 1983 in New Delhi . Earlier a plan of blasting the conference of the foreign ministers of non- aligned countries in Delhi had been chalked out which would have labeled us as CIA agents. After all, US imperialism and its allies in the world were known as the antagonists of non aligned movement. The contemplated plan of hijacking an aircraft faille because, as already said, all the four persons were untrained for the job nor had they been briefed in a group. At the eleventh hour, meaning at the time of boarding the airlines: they were frightened and without carrying arms on board, arrived in India. Three of them returned by road and came to my place in Rawalpindi.
In his letter of April 5, 1983 addressed to me, Amanullah Khan tried to justify the failure of this project. He wrote .” Major mission has failed. Sometimes I think it is good that it failed. In recent days a lengthy article has appeared in The Guardian saying tht CIA tried to scuttle the non-aligned conference. Had our mission gone the way we had planned, three was a possibility of linking it to CIA`s doings .that would have done us immense damage which could never set right just as in the case of Ganga hijacking, there is the allegation that it was a conspiracy hatched by India to divide Pakistan . God forbidding if we had been linked up with CIA`s efforts of scuttling the non-aligned conference, We would have been devastated despite the fact that the allegation was totally baseless. We would have to hang our heads in shame before the international community. And from inside, our opponents would have used it as a weapon against us. This aspect of the failure of our mission is also very important.”
This shows that Amanullah Khan had not even this much of understanding of international politics that he could himself react on the comment given by the Guardian. He should have understood that in the non-aligned conference were also included the third world countries who had themselves fought wars of liberation. However, one positive aspect of this abortive hijacking was that the conspiracy did not leak out and there was yet a possibility of undertaking it again. That opportunity would have been there for some time more because when I arrived in London on 19 January 1984 on a valid visa, there was mention of hijacking plan in the course of a meeting with Amanullah Khan and two persons involved in Mhatre kidnapping case, after a detailed exchange of ideas with Ammanullah Khan I offered myself for the proposed hijacking and mentioned the name of four persons of my choice to be associated with me in the mission, the deal was settled with Amanullah khan, six thousand pounds were involved for the expenses. He agreed and it was finally decided that a team of four person working under Hashim Qureshi`s command would undertake the execution of the mission. It was also decided to summon to England the person proposed to be entrusted with the most crucial role of the entire scheme, I-e bringing arms to the aircraft. Having finalized the entire plan by 23 or 24 January 1984, Amanullaha`s house in Luton for to London city to stay with a friend. Three days later, Amanullha gave me a ring saying that the concerned person had arrived and that I should immediately return to Luton. Next day, KI was in Luton where in Amanullah `s house, I talked at length with the person proposed to carry arms to the aircraft. We talked in full detail about matter like airport security etc. having probed the mind of the man and having convinced myself that it was a viable plan( at least hijacking would take place without problems and what would then follow or what would have been its reaction, is a different story) I decided proceed.
I had strong reason to join the mission and take its command in my hands. In my opinion there was no better and more effective a plan than that of hijacking in order to seek Butt Sahib`s release from the Indian prison. The Indian government would not have run the risk of imperiling lives of 350 passengers on board by refusing to release Maqbool Butt it would have given a new direction to the liberation movement. It would have also absolved us of the blame splashed on us by the Pakistani military dictatorship and bureaucracy that gang hijacking was a conspiracy to fragment Pakistan. It is an irony that Amanullah Khan, the Chairman of Liberation Front, first agreed to the hijacking plan but then suddenly at 6 P.M in February 2, told me and my friends ….An important party worker—Afzal Tahir to go to the house of Malik Ejaz (member central Committee_)Ejaz came to talk us but when I insisted upon Amanullah Khan to tells why he was sending us away , he said, “Please go, something is going to happen and I do not want that your presence at my house is proved.” But when I tried to rag on the discussion, Afzal Tahir and Ejaz Malik bulled me physically, Afzal Tahir and Malik Ejaz decided first to visit a video laboratory where I hired three films being prepared on the subject of hijacking. After dinning at Ejaz`s house, he dropped us at the residence of a party worker named Iiyas originally of Khuratta in Azad Kashmir. We watched the hijacking films during the night. I wanted to acquaint myself with the new techniques in hijacking.
The question arises if Amanullah Khan had no knowledge of the kidnapping of Mhatre, then why he sent me and Afzal away from his house to another house. On that day,(it was Thursday). Mhatre kidnapping could not be carried out. On the next day , both of us, Afzal Tahir and myself, returned to the house of Amanullah at about 2 P.M.
He said.”That boy could not do the job yesterday, “I asked him since he was sized of the idea of hijacking an aircraft. Why then did he indulge in doing something there I asked him who were the boys he was alluding to and what were they expected to do the previous day which they could not do. He said, I don’t know adding , I am not answerable to you” that day(Friday) he called to his house the owner of Luton, Travels and member of people party namely Zaman Shahib.Malik Sahfi, Layaqat Tasadduq Hussan and other and kept me engaged in a lengthy debate on Kashmir issue from 1PM to 10 PM. Evidently he contrived to keep me and Afzal Tahir in the company of five or six persons while Mhatre was being kidnapped the same day at Birmingham which is at a distance pouf 90 miles from Luton. On Friday also he did not let me and Afzal stay in his house but sent us to Shafi`s place.
The fact is that Amanullah khan wanted to leave a proof that afzal and I were not involved in the crime. He had himself expressed it. Returning from Malik Shafi`s house on the week end. He told us that the assistant High Commissioner of the Indian High Commission named Ravinder Mhatre had been kidnapped by some people in Birmingham and they have written a letter to me asking me to become contact source for realizing their demands. The police came on Saturday enquired about me also and left. Next morning which was Sunday a young man?
A young man (Musarat Iqbal Malik) involved in Mhatre case to Amanullah’s house at about 11 AM. As Amanullah Khan and I came out from his house. “Musarat Iqbal told him that it appeared the police was about to land in the house of Sidiq Mirza where Mhatre had been kept. He sought instructions from him. Without waiting for a minute. Amanullaha said” shoot him and throw away the dead body somewhere. If we are caught. It will mean a disaster and all of us will be implicated.”I intervened promptly and said.” Aman sahib shooting will be tantamount to further worsening the situation, why not set him free and if people are caught, they will have to face the charge of kidnapping and taking hostage only and not of murder, India could take a revenge of murder Butt Sahib is languishing in the death cell . Above all if you had to do all this, then what was the need of calling me here and drawing the plan of Hijacking an airliner? He did not listen to me and issued instructions of shooting Mhatre.” Later I came to know that Musrat Iqbal shot him in his head.
On Sunday the police came again to Amanullah’s house at about 2 P.M. They took us, myself and Ammanullah khan, first to Luton and then to Birmingham police station called Steel House where I was kept in custody for 72 hours till Wednesday. Besides the Scotland Yard, two Indian officers also make certain enquiries from me. Since if I knew anything of Mhatre case at all, it was of post-kidnapping events, I tried to immediately reacted with the assertion that all that took place happened only after I came to England . at the time of Mhatre`s killing (5P.M) Sunday I was in the custody of the police. Both of us were released from custody after 72 hours and were brought to Luton. Afzal Tahir was present at Amanullah’s house.
My first apprehension after the murder of Mhatre was that Maqbool Butt could be executed. Amanullah Khan tried to dispel the apprehension arguing that “India is a democratic country and her valuable asset is her credibility on international level. Government of India would never bring Maqbool Butt to gallows in retaliation to Mhatre`s murder because the world will call it a policy of revenge which will bring defamation to India.” “this was the limit of Amanullah khan`s political vision.? The first headline which the BBC news bulletin broadcast that evening said that in a meeting presided over by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, the Indian cabinet decided to carry out the death sentence on Maqbool Butt.
My first reaction to this news was violent. I caught hold of Amanullah Khan by his collar and shouted at him.” You are the murderer of Maqbool Butt. I will expose you.” But Afzal Tahir dragged me away and locked me in a room downstairs. He tried to pacify me saying that my becoming emotional at that point of time could prove harmful for the movement and for the emotions likely to surface following the martyrdom of Maqbool Butt. He argued that Maqbool Butt would be hanged but if I brought the onus of his martyrdom to the doorsteps of Amanullah Khan. then all persons involved in Mhatre murder case would be arrested and Maqbool Butt`s sacrifices would come to a naught. The night was spent crying and wailing.
Front goes to press
Amanullah Khan called a press conference in London where Afzal and I were present. It was attended by the British, Indian and Pakistan pres correspondents. After describing the action of the British police, arrests and interrogation etc, he said” behind the kidnapping and killing of Mhatre was the hand of Indian agency RAW. It is they who contrived kidnapping and murder of their own diplomat.” I gently pressed Amanullah’s foot with my toe only to caution him. The correspondent of Reuter asked him what he thought could be the benefit for the Indian high commission to kidnap and then murder their own official? Amanullah began producing
I had no information that the diplomat had been kidnapped . I and Afzal Tahir had been staying with Amanullah in Luton but a day prior to the kidnapping incident, both of us were sent away to another friend’s house. By Amanullah’s movements, I suspected that something abnormal was happening or was going to happen. Then came the news that the kidnapped diplomat had been murdered and with that the way was paved for the execution of Maqbool Butt in Tihar Jail.
The murder of Mhatre became catalyst to Maqbool Butt`s execution. The question is ; was Mhatre`s murder really necessary ? This is the fourth year of Maqbool Butt martyrdom. Here I venture to make an effort to place before the Kashmiri nation and all freedom loving people the circumstances and events leading to his execution so that enslaved nations may learn a bitter lesson that the lives of great freedom fighters should not be thrown away cheaply. I have made it sufficiently clear that I nurse no political or personal grudge or enmity against anybody. I am stating only the facts because at the time of murder of the Assistant Commissioner of Indian High Commission in UK. I happened to be in London. Scotland Yard also picked me up in connection with the investigation of the case but set me free within 72 hours when nothing that could implicate me, was found. Now I am fully acquainted with the real actors involved in Mhatre murder case. Alongside the story of the case, I am presenting documentary evidence leaving the task of judgment to the Kashmiri nation from whose hands has been snatched an illustrious and remarkable son of the soil for personal fame and self projection only.
Maqbool Butt was arrested by the Indian security forces near Baramullah in 1976 and was brought to be locked up in a dark cell in Tihar jail, Delhi under close guard. Death sentences had been pronounced against him for alleged murder of a police inspector in 1968 though in fact this inspector had been shot dead by one Aurangzeb because he had tried to run away. Aurangzeb was killed the next day in an encounter with the Indian army. Death sentence pronounced against Butt Sahib after his second arrest(1976) was maintained by the Indian authorities who had been deferred because he had escaped from the jail in December 1968. He had filed an appeal against death sentence in the Indian Supreme Court which was rejected for technical reasons. He had filed write the death sentence by the special court, requisite legal formalities had not been completed. He had, as such, demanded that records pertaining to his case be brought before the high court. This writes 1976 to 1984, Indian authorities locked him up in the death cell but did not execute him.
As a matter of reaction to Mhatre`s murder, Indian government ignoring all political, moral and legal obligation, lost no time in sending him to the gallows. At the closing moments of his life, Butt Sahib had said;
“ I am being hanged immediately after Mahatre`s murder, As a result of politics of revenge .I have no knowledge of the murder which has been carried out at Birmingham, a place eight thousand miles away from my prison cell”.
My firm belief is that if Mhatre had not been murdered, the Government of India would not have executed Butt sahib. This view was endorsed by Zafar Meraj, the nephew of Late Shamim Ahmed Shamim(MP) in Rawalpindi in 1986. He is correspondent of Kashmir times and also the editor of weekly Aiena. His words were,” Indira Gandhi regime representative had held two rounds of talks with Maqbool Butt in the Jail. But he was not prepared to accept state`s accession to India. Instead, he argued for independent Kashmir asserting that independent Kashmir was necessary for bringing lasting peace to the sub-continent. (Zafar Meraj also wrote a full story about Butt Sahib)
A number of times we suspended various types of action against India because we know that the Indian government would execute Maqbool Butt as retaliatory measure. Before that we had not act effectively according to plan, we forget a legal battle in the Indian courts for the release of Maqbool Butt. International opinion had to be smoothened against his execution.
The Liberation Front had, before I am effective and practicable action plan, the murder of Mhatre, if not the result of a conspiracy, was certainly a dirty game of winning cheap popularity and a foolhardy adventure. The leadership of Liberation Front could not utilize the sentiments aroused by the martyrdom of Maqbool Butt to the advancement of the freedom movement of Kashmiri nation. What is more, unfortunately within the party, the chairman injected confusion and contradiction by branding all those member and individuals as traitors and communists who offered a better proposal or differed with his opinion. It becomes my national duty to lift the curtain from Mhatre murder case and factors which inspired the adventure. It is necessary to come out in open because even now the killers of Mhatre, who are in truth the killers of Maqbool Butt, continue to exploit the sentiments of Kashmiri youth in order to satisfy their urge of winning popularity as leaders of Kashmir. Since I happened to be in London at the time of murder, some circles tried to create an impression that I had something to do with this murder. This also prompts me to put the record straight for those who are interested in our history and also for our future generations.
I will not speak about the work done by the Liberation Front on political front. But in the sphere of armed struggle, its action betrayed dismal immaturity as these were replete with dangerous consequences. Any person with elementary knowledge of the game of politics would neither himself undertake nor allow other to undertake such adventures. In this context, the letter I wrote to Amanullah Khan in 1985 was, in fact frank expression of protest against many actions of Amanullah Khan including that of the murder of Mhatre conducted in the name of armed struggle. I condemned serious party affairs were conducted. At the time Butt Sahib`s martyrdom. I even caught Amanullah by his collar and said,” You are the murderer of Maqbool Butt.”
I have been virtually fighting a war within the party since 1984 with regard to Mhatre murder case. But the system since the days of Amanullah Khan’s chairmanship has been that no room is left for difference of opinion and frank debate on issues. As a result, till date more than a hundred workers have either been shown the door or chose to quit the party only on the basis of their difference of opinion with him. They have been given epithets no less than traitors. In the past, I was also bestowed the appendage of a communist on the basis of my audacity to differ in opinions. By not accepting the democratic approach of debating issues, liberation Front is fragmented into dozens of groups today. While concluding that letter, I had emphatically said that if the member of central committee of the party is not capable of changing the conditions, then in that case I would release this letter along with my resignation to party workers and the press. Ultimately in February 1986. I had to resign as an organizer and member of the Central committee of Liberation Front. This resignation had not been accepted by the central committee and the working council till my departure from Pakistan in September 1986. I know nothing what happened later on.
By Hashim Qureshi
In the month of February 1984, Amanullah Khan contrived the kidnapping of Ravinder Mhatre, an Indian diplomat in London, by an organization called Kashmir Liberation Army. At that time, I happened to be in UK with Afzal Tahir a friend from POK. London police rounded me up also like some other in connection with the investigation in the case. But as nothing was proved against me, I was set free within seventy two hours.
I had no information that the diplomat had been kidnapped. I and Afzal Tahir had been staying with Amanullah in Luton but a day prior to the kidnapping incident, both of us were sent away to another friend’s house. By Amanullah's movements, I suspected that something abnormal was happening or was going to happen. Then came the news that the kidnapped diplomat had been murdered and with that the way was paved for the execution of Maqbool Butt in Tihar Jail.
The murder of Mhatre became catalyst to Maqbool Butt`s execution. The question is; was Mhatre`s murder really necessary? This is the fourth year( 1988 ) of Maqbool Butt martyrdom. Here I venture to make an effort to place before the Kashmiri nation and all freedom loving people the circumstances and events leading to his execution so that enslaved nations may learn a bitter lesson that the lives of great freedom fighters should not be thrown away cheaply. I have made it sufficiently clear that I nurse no political or personal grudge or enmity against anybody. I am stating only the facts because at the time of murder of the Assistant Commissioner of Indian High Commission in UK. I happened to be in London. Scotland Yard also picked me up in connection with the investigation of the case but set me free within 72 hours when nothing that could implicate me, was found. Now I am fully acquainted with the real actors involved in Mhatre murder case. Alongside the story of the case, I am presenting documentary evidence leaving the task of judgment to the Kashmiri nation from whose hands has been snatched an illustrious and remarkable son of the soil for personal fame and self projection only.
Maqbool Butt was arrested by the Indian security forces near Baramullah in 1976 and was brought to be locked up in a dark cell in Tihar jail, Delhi under close guard. Death sentences had been pronounced against him for alleged murder of a police inspector in 1966 though in fact this inspector had been shot dead by one Aurangzeb because he had tried to run away. Aurangzeb was killed the next day in an encounter with the Indian army. Death sentence pronounced against Butt Sahib after his second arrest (1976) was maintained by the Indian authorities who had been deferred because he had escaped from the jail in December 1968. He had filed an appeal against death sentence in the Indian Supreme Court which was rejected for technical reasons. He had filed write the death sentence by the special court, requisite legal formalities had not been completed. He had, as such, demanded that records pertaining to his case be brought before the high court. This writes 1976 to 1984, Indian authorities locked him up in the death cell but did not execute him.
As a matter of reaction to Mhatre`s murder, Indian government ignoring all political, moral and legal obligation, lost no time in sending him to the gallows. At the closing moments of his life, Butt Sahib had said;
“I am being hanged immediately after Mahatre`s murder As a result of politics of revenge. I have no knowledge of the murder which has been carried out at Birmingham, a place eight thousand miles away from my prison cell”.
My firm belief is that if Mhatre had not been murdered, the Government of India would not have executed Butt sahib. This view was endorsed by Zafar Meraj, the nephew of Late Shamim Ahmed Shamim(MP) in Rawalpindi in 1986. He is correspondent of Kashmir times and also the editor of weekly Aiena. His words were,” Indira Gandhi regime representative had held two rounds of talks with Maqbool Butt in the Jail. But he was not prepared to accept state`s accession to India. Instead, he argued for independent Kashmir asserting that independent Kashmir was necessary for bringing lasting peace to the sub-continent.
A number of times we suspended various types of action against India because we know that the Indian government would execute Maqbool Butt as retaliatory measure. Before that we had not act effectively according to plan, we forget a legal battle in the Indian courts for the release of Maqbool Butt. International opinion had to be smoothened against his execution.
The Liberation Front had, before I am effective and practicable action plan, the murder of Mhatre, if not the result of a conspiracy, was certainly a dirty game of winning cheap popularity and a foolhardy adventure. The leadership of Liberation Front could not utilize the sentiments aroused by the martyrdom of Maqbool Butt to the advancement of the freedom movement of Kashmiri nation. What is more, unfortunately within the party, the chairman injected confusion and contradiction by branding all those member and individuals as traitors and communists who offered a better proposal or differed with his opinion. It becomes my national duty to lift the curtain from Mhatre murder case and factors which inspired the adventure. It is necessary to come out in open because even now the killers of Mhatre, who are in truth the killers of Maqbool Butt, continue to exploit the sentiments of Kashmiri youth in order to satisfy their urge of winning popularity as leaders of Kashmir. Since I happened to be in London at the time of murder, some circles tried to create an impression that I had something to do with this murder. This also prompts me to put the record straight for those who are interested in our history and also for our future generations.
I will not speak about the work done by the Liberation Front on political front. But in the sphere of armed struggle, its action betrayed dismal immaturity as these were replete with dangerous consequences. Any person with elementary knowledge of the game of politics would neither himself undertake nor allow other to undertake such adventures. In this context, the letter I wrote to Amanullah Khan in 1985 was, in fact frank expression of protest against many actions of Amanullah Khan including that of the murder of Mhatre conducted in the name of armed struggle. I condemned serious party affairs were conducted. At the time Butt Sahib`s martyrdom. I even caught Amanullah by his collar and said,” You are the murderer of Maqbool Butt.”
I have been virtually fighting a war within the party since 1984 with regard to Mhatre murder case. But the system since the days of Amanullah Khan`s chairmanship has been that no room is left for difference of opinion and frank debate on issues. As a result, till date more than a hundred workers have either been shown the door or chose to quit the party only on the basis of their difference of opinion with him, they have been given epithets no less than traitors. In the past, I was also bestowed the appendage of a communist on the basis of my audacity to differ in opinions. By not accepting the democratic approach of debating issues, Liberation front is fragmented into dozens of groups today. While concluding that letter, I had emphatically said that if the member of central committee of the party is not capable of changing the conditions, then in that case I would release this letter along with my resignation to party workers and the press. Ultimately in February 1986. I had to resign as an organizer and member of the central committee of Liberation Front. This resignation had not been accepted by the central committee and the working council till my departure from Pakistan in September 1986. I know nothing what happened later on.
Adventurism
Before opening a detailed discussion on Mhatre case, I must speak about the contemplated plan of hijacking an airliner. Such a plan was certainly there with the objective of seeking the release of Maqbool Butt. Being ignorant of political and military strategies and impatient to win cheap and quick popularity, Amanullah Khan wrecked the entire plan, for the execution of this plan, he had selected two persons from Paris and two from London. The Paris team however, did not meet with Amanullah Khan for such a big adventure nor were they briefed on the subject. But the two persons sent from London to bring the Paris team. Had been instructed to brief them during the journey. This was disclosed by Amanullah Khan in his letter addressed to me and to Dr. Farooq Haider. He wrote” owing to paucity of time and no chance of a meeting could not make a briefing to Qayum and others. The other two people could not make him understand. Qayyum could not come because of legal constraints and I could not go to Paris for want of time.
For such a stupendous project, Amanullah Khan selected a team of four persons who had neither any knowledge of the technique of hijacking an aircraft nor did they know one another. They were given no training whatever of the mission entrusted to them. None among them had ever taken a gun or a pistol in his hand. Yes, of course they were brimming with sentiment . The hijacking was to synchronies with the Non-Aligned countries moot scheduled for 9-11 March 1983 in New Delhi . Earlier a plan of blasting the conference of the foreign ministers of non- aligned countries in Delhi had been chalked out which would have labeled us as CIA agents. After all, US imperialism and its allies in the world were known as the antagonists of non aligned movement. The contemplated plan of hijacking an aircraft faille because, as already said, all the four persons were untrained for the job nor had they been briefed in a group. At the eleventh hour, meaning at the time of boarding the airlines: they were frightened and without carrying arms on board, arrived in India. Three of them returned by road and came to my place in Rawalpindi.
In his letter of April 5, 1983 addressed to me, Amanullah Khan tried to justify the failure of this project. He wrote .” Major mission has failed. Sometimes I think it is good that it failed. In recent days a lengthy article has appeared in The Guardian saying tht CIA tried to scuttle the non-aligned conference. Had our mission gone the way we had planned, three was a possibility of linking it to CIA`s doings .that would have done us immense damage which could never set right just as in the case of Ganga hijacking, there is the allegation that it was a conspiracy hatched by India to divide Pakistan . God forbidding if we had been linked up with CIA`s efforts of scuttling the non-aligned conference, We would have been devastated despite the fact that the allegation was totally baseless. We would have to hang our heads in shame before the international community. And from inside, our opponents would have used it as a weapon against us. This aspect of the failure of our mission is also very important.”
This shows that Amanullah Khan had not even this much of understanding of international politics that he could himself react on the comment given by the Guardian. He should have understood that in the non-aligned conference were also included the third world countries who had themselves fought wars of liberation. However, one positive aspect of this abortive hijacking was that the conspiracy did not leak out and there was yet a possibility of undertaking it again. That opportunity would have been there for some time more because when I arrived in London on 19 January 1984 on a valid visa, there was mention of hijacking plan in the course of a meeting with Amanullah Khan and two persons involved in Mhatre kidnapping case, after a detailed exchange of ideas with Ammanullah Khan I offered myself for the proposed hijacking and mentioned the name of four persons of my choice to be associated with me in the mission, the deal was settled with Amanullah khan, six thousand pounds were involved for the expenses. He agreed and it was finally decided that a team of four person working under Hashim Qureshi`s command would undertake the execution of the mission. It was also decided to summon to England the person proposed to be entrusted with the most crucial role of the entire scheme, I-e bringing arms to the aircraft. Having finalized the entire plan by 23 or 24 January 1984, Amanullaha`s house in Luton for to London city to stay with a friend. Three days later, Amanullha gave me a ring saying that the concerned person had arrived and that I should immediately return to Luton. Next day, KI was in Luton where in Amanullah `s house, I talked at length with the person proposed to carry arms to the aircraft. We talked in full detail about matter like airport security etc. having probed the mind of the man and having convinced myself that it was a viable plan( at least hijacking would take place without problems and what would then follow or what would have been its reaction, is a different story) I decided proceed.
I had strong reason to join the mission and take its command in my hands. In my opinion there was no better and more effective a plan than that of hijacking in order to seek Butt Sahib`s release from the Indian prison. The Indian government would not have run the risk of imperiling lives of 350 passengers on board by refusing to release Maqbool Butt it would have given a new direction to the liberation movement. It would have also absolved us of the blame splashed on us by the Pakistani military dictatorship and bureaucracy that gang hijacking was a conspiracy to fragment Pakistan. It is an irony that Amanullah Khan, the Chairman of Liberation Front, first agreed to the hijacking plan but then suddenly at 6 P.M in February 2, told me and my friends ….An important party worker—Afzal Tahir to go to the house of Malik Ejaz (member central Committee_)Ejaz came to talk us but when I insisted upon Amanullah Khan to tells why he was sending us away , he said, “Please go, something is going to happen and I do not want that your presence at my house is proved.” But when I tried to rag on the discussion, Afzal Tahir and Ejaz Malik bulled me physically, Afzal Tahir and Malik Ejaz decided first to visit a video laboratory where I hired three films being prepared on the subject of hijacking. After dinning at Ejaz`s house, he dropped us at the residence of a party worker named Iiyas originally of Khuratta in Azad Kashmir. We watched the hijacking films during the night. I wanted to acquaint myself with the new techniques in hijacking.
The question arises if Amanullah Khan had no knowledge of the kidnapping of Mhatre, then why he sent me and Afzal away from his house to another house. On that day,(it was Thursday). Mhatre kidnapping could not be carried out. On the next day , both of us, Afzal Tahir and myself, returned to the house of Amanullah at about 2 P.M.
He said.”That boy could not do the job yesterday, “I asked him since he was sized of the idea of hijacking an aircraft. Why then did he indulge in doing something there I asked him who were the boys he was alluding to and what were they expected to do the previous day which they could not do. He said, I don’t know adding , I am not answerable to you” that day(Friday) he called to his house the owner of Luton, Travels and member of people party namely Zaman Shahib.Malik Sahfi, Layaqat Tasadduq Hussan and other and kept me engaged in a lengthy debate on Kashmir issue from 1PM to 10 PM. Evidently he contrived to keep me and Afzal Tahir in the company of five or six persons while Mhatre was being kidnapped the same day at Birmingham which is at a distance pouf 90 miles from Luton. On Friday also he did not let me and Afzal stay in his house but sent us to Shafi`s place.
The fact is that Amanullah khan wanted to leave a proof that afzal and I were not involved in the crime. He had himself expressed it. Returning from Malik Shafi`s house on the week end. He told us that the assistant High Commissioner of the Indian High Commission named Ravinder Mhatre had been kidnapped by some people in Birmingham and they have written a letter to me asking me to become contact source for realizing their demands. The police came on Saturday enquired about me also and left. Next morning which was Sunday a young man?
A young man (Musarat Iqbal Malik) involved in Mhatre case to Amanullah’s house at about 11 AM. As Amanullah Khan and I came out from his house. “Musarat Iqbal told him that it appeared the police was about to land in the house of Sidiq Mirza where Mhatre had been kept. He sought instructions from him. Without waiting for a minute. Amanullaha said” shoot him and throw away the dead body somewhere. If we are caught. It will mean a disaster and all of us will be implicated.”I intervened promptly and said.” Aman sahib shooting will be tantamount to further worsening the situation, why not set him free and if people are caught, they will have to face the charge of kidnapping and taking hostage only and not of murder, India could take a revenge of murder Butt Sahib is languishing in the death cell . Above all if you had to do all this, then what was the need of calling me here and drawing the plan of Hijacking an airliner? He did not listen to me and issued instructions of shooting Mhatre.” Later I came to know that Musrat Iqbal shot him in his head.
On Sunday the police came again to Amanullah’s house at about 2 P.M. They took us, myself and Ammanullah khan, first to Luton and then to Birmingham police station called Steel House where I was kept in custody for 72 hours till Wednesday. Besides the Scotland Yard, two Indian officers also make certain enquiries from me. Since if I knew anything of Mhatre case at all, it was of post-kidnapping events, I tried to immediately reacted with the assertion that all that took place happened only after I came to England . at the time of Mhatre`s killing (5P.M) Sunday I was in the custody of the police. Both of us were released from custody after 72 hours and were brought to Luton. Afzal Tahir was present at Amanullah’s house.
My first apprehension after the murder of Mhatre was that Maqbool Butt could be executed. Amanullah Khan tried to dispel the apprehension arguing that “India is a democratic country and her valuable asset is her credibility on international level. Government of India would never bring Maqbool Butt to gallows in retaliation to Mhatre`s murder because the world will call it a policy of revenge which will bring defamation to India.” “this was the limit of Amanullah khan`s political vision.? The first headline which the BBC news bulletin broadcast that evening said that in a meeting presided over by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, the Indian cabinet decided to carry out the death sentence on Maqbool Butt.
My first reaction to this news was violent. I caught hold of Amanullah Khan by his collar and shouted at him.” You are the murderer of Maqbool Butt. I will expose you.” But Afzal Tahir dragged me away and locked me in a room downstairs. He tried to pacify me saying that my becoming emotional at that point of time could prove harmful for the movement and for the emotions likely to surface following the martyrdom of Maqbool Butt. He argued that Maqbool Butt would be hanged but if I brought the onus of his martyrdom to the doorsteps of Amanullah Khan. then all persons involved in Mhatre murder case would be arrested and Maqbool Butt`s sacrifices would come to a naught. The night was spent crying and wailing.
Front goes to press
Amanullah Khan called a press conference in London where Afzal and I were present. It was attended by the British, Indian and Pakistan pres correspondents. After describing the action of the British police, arrests and interrogation etc, he said” behind the kidnapping and killing of Mhatre was the hand of Indian agency RAW. It is they who contrived kidnapping and murder of their own diplomat.” I gently pressed Amanullah’s foot with my toe only to caution him. The correspondent of Reuter asked him what he thought could be the benefit for the Indian high commission to kidnap and then murder their own official? Amanullah began producing
I had no information that the diplomat had been kidnapped . I and Afzal Tahir had been staying with Amanullah in Luton but a day prior to the kidnapping incident, both of us were sent away to another friend’s house. By Amanullah’s movements, I suspected that something abnormal was happening or was going to happen. Then came the news that the kidnapped diplomat had been murdered and with that the way was paved for the execution of Maqbool Butt in Tihar Jail.
The murder of Mhatre became catalyst to Maqbool Butt`s execution. The question is ; was Mhatre`s murder really necessary ? This is the fourth year of Maqbool Butt martyrdom. Here I venture to make an effort to place before the Kashmiri nation and all freedom loving people the circumstances and events leading to his execution so that enslaved nations may learn a bitter lesson that the lives of great freedom fighters should not be thrown away cheaply. I have made it sufficiently clear that I nurse no political or personal grudge or enmity against anybody. I am stating only the facts because at the time of murder of the Assistant Commissioner of Indian High Commission in UK. I happened to be in London. Scotland Yard also picked me up in connection with the investigation of the case but set me free within 72 hours when nothing that could implicate me, was found. Now I am fully acquainted with the real actors involved in Mhatre murder case. Alongside the story of the case, I am presenting documentary evidence leaving the task of judgment to the Kashmiri nation from whose hands has been snatched an illustrious and remarkable son of the soil for personal fame and self projection only.
Maqbool Butt was arrested by the Indian security forces near Baramullah in 1976 and was brought to be locked up in a dark cell in Tihar jail, Delhi under close guard. Death sentences had been pronounced against him for alleged murder of a police inspector in 1968 though in fact this inspector had been shot dead by one Aurangzeb because he had tried to run away. Aurangzeb was killed the next day in an encounter with the Indian army. Death sentence pronounced against Butt Sahib after his second arrest(1976) was maintained by the Indian authorities who had been deferred because he had escaped from the jail in December 1968. He had filed an appeal against death sentence in the Indian Supreme Court which was rejected for technical reasons. He had filed write the death sentence by the special court, requisite legal formalities had not been completed. He had, as such, demanded that records pertaining to his case be brought before the high court. This writes 1976 to 1984, Indian authorities locked him up in the death cell but did not execute him.
As a matter of reaction to Mhatre`s murder, Indian government ignoring all political, moral and legal obligation, lost no time in sending him to the gallows. At the closing moments of his life, Butt Sahib had said;
“ I am being hanged immediately after Mahatre`s murder, As a result of politics of revenge .I have no knowledge of the murder which has been carried out at Birmingham, a place eight thousand miles away from my prison cell”.
My firm belief is that if Mhatre had not been murdered, the Government of India would not have executed Butt sahib. This view was endorsed by Zafar Meraj, the nephew of Late Shamim Ahmed Shamim(MP) in Rawalpindi in 1986. He is correspondent of Kashmir times and also the editor of weekly Aiena. His words were,” Indira Gandhi regime representative had held two rounds of talks with Maqbool Butt in the Jail. But he was not prepared to accept state`s accession to India. Instead, he argued for independent Kashmir asserting that independent Kashmir was necessary for bringing lasting peace to the sub-continent. (Zafar Meraj also wrote a full story about Butt Sahib)
A number of times we suspended various types of action against India because we know that the Indian government would execute Maqbool Butt as retaliatory measure. Before that we had not act effectively according to plan, we forget a legal battle in the Indian courts for the release of Maqbool Butt. International opinion had to be smoothened against his execution.
The Liberation Front had, before I am effective and practicable action plan, the murder of Mhatre, if not the result of a conspiracy, was certainly a dirty game of winning cheap popularity and a foolhardy adventure. The leadership of Liberation Front could not utilize the sentiments aroused by the martyrdom of Maqbool Butt to the advancement of the freedom movement of Kashmiri nation. What is more, unfortunately within the party, the chairman injected confusion and contradiction by branding all those member and individuals as traitors and communists who offered a better proposal or differed with his opinion. It becomes my national duty to lift the curtain from Mhatre murder case and factors which inspired the adventure. It is necessary to come out in open because even now the killers of Mhatre, who are in truth the killers of Maqbool Butt, continue to exploit the sentiments of Kashmiri youth in order to satisfy their urge of winning popularity as leaders of Kashmir. Since I happened to be in London at the time of murder, some circles tried to create an impression that I had something to do with this murder. This also prompts me to put the record straight for those who are interested in our history and also for our future generations.
I will not speak about the work done by the Liberation Front on political front. But in the sphere of armed struggle, its action betrayed dismal immaturity as these were replete with dangerous consequences. Any person with elementary knowledge of the game of politics would neither himself undertake nor allow other to undertake such adventures. In this context, the letter I wrote to Amanullah Khan in 1985 was, in fact frank expression of protest against many actions of Amanullah Khan including that of the murder of Mhatre conducted in the name of armed struggle. I condemned serious party affairs were conducted. At the time Butt Sahib`s martyrdom. I even caught Amanullah by his collar and said,” You are the murderer of Maqbool Butt.”
I have been virtually fighting a war within the party since 1984 with regard to Mhatre murder case. But the system since the days of Amanullah Khan’s chairmanship has been that no room is left for difference of opinion and frank debate on issues. As a result, till date more than a hundred workers have either been shown the door or chose to quit the party only on the basis of their difference of opinion with him. They have been given epithets no less than traitors. In the past, I was also bestowed the appendage of a communist on the basis of my audacity to differ in opinions. By not accepting the democratic approach of debating issues, liberation Front is fragmented into dozens of groups today. While concluding that letter, I had emphatically said that if the member of central committee of the party is not capable of changing the conditions, then in that case I would release this letter along with my resignation to party workers and the press. Ultimately in February 1986. I had to resign as an organizer and member of the Central committee of Liberation Front. This resignation had not been accepted by the central committee and the working council till my departure from Pakistan in September 1986. I know nothing what happened later on.
Conclusion
Moving away from the events connected with Mhatre’s kidnapping and murder described widely in the same in preceding pages, let me state that my differences with Amanullah Khan were not of personal. I never aspired for cheap political popularity and I never let the blood of our workers and activists be spilled because I never wanted fame. I never accused Amanullah Khan or his workers of misusing funds. All that I have done on the occasion of fourth death anniversary of Maqbool Butt is that I have taken the veil off the face of facts about his execution .”it is a reality that Kashmir Liberation Army had been formed by Amanulah Khan himself and he had all the responsibility of its affairs. I have a letter in my possession written by Amanullah Khan in his own hand which he wrote to Dr. Farooq Haider and me on 05 April 1983 from Luton in England.” It should be mentioned that at a time when Amanullah was being tried in a British court in case of spreading terrorism in Europe, I was in Holland and the letter in question was with me. I do not believe in politics of revenge. Had I passed on this letter to the British court Amanullah would not have been banished from U.K but certainly would have been languishing in her jails. While the facsimile of Amanullah’s hand written letter is appended to this volume we give an excerpt from his letter to provide a convincing proof for what we state:
This is the story of origin of Kashmir Liberation Army whose activists were identified as the murderers of Mhatre. There can be no proof more convincing and dependable of Amanullah Khan’s role in its creation than the word recorded in his own hand. But it is a travesty that in his book entitled Jihad-e-Musalsal the same Amanullah Khan feigns total ignorance of KLA only to absolve himself of the blame of having compassed Maqbool Butt’s execution. We reproduce the following relevant extract (page 150 – 151) from it.
“In 1982 and 1983, we too had contributed our share of effort for seeking Butt Sahib Release. In 1982, we hazarded an adventure in Delhi which shook the Indian government. However we did not succeed in seeking the release of Maqbool Butt.” Yet one more dare- devil adventure failed owing partly to an unforeseen development and partly to a misunderstanding among the activists. On the other hand some members of the Liberation Front floated a secret organization by the name of Kashmir Liberation Army without my organization’s knowledge and permission. And engineered the kidnapping of Assistant High Commissioner of India, Ravindra Mhatre in Birmingham. The Kidnappers announced that if the Indian government did not release Maqbool Butt and his associates, Hamid and Riyaz and other freedom fighter of Indian held Kashmir within 24 hours then Mhatre would be killed. Soon after receiving this information, I pondered over the matter seriously and tried a good deal to establish contact with the Indian High Commissioner in order to find a solution to the problem. But the Indian High commissioner refused to talk with me saying that holding talks with Amanullah Khan meant recognizing Liberation Front. Indian High commission continued to avoid discussing the issue. Then on the next day I along with Zubair Ansari, Hashim Qureshi and some more activists of Liberation Front were arrested. This put an end to my effort. On the other side, instead of 24 hours of time limit a wait of 54 hours resulted in no reaction. Mhatre was killed. Information about this happening was given to me by the police while was in police station under their custody. Soon after release from police custody, Zubair Ansari Filed a writ petition against my arrest in the High Court.”
I and Hashim Qureshi were set free after 72 hours in compliance of the court order. The same night BBC broadcast in its news bulletin the Indian government had decided to execute Maqbool Butt on February 11 1984. This news shattered us. At that time Hashim Qureshi and Afzal Tahir were with me. On February 9 I held a press conference in London and said that Maqbool Butt was being hanged for sins which he never committed; he had no hand in Mhatre’s kidnapping .Butt Sahib’s lawyer Muzaffar Baigh approached the Supreme Court of India with an appeal against hasty implementation of death punishment immediately after Mhatre’s murder which was rejected.”(Amanullah Khan Jahad-e-Musalsal, 1992, Pages 150 et sea).
In conclusion it should be said that one is pained by Mhatre’s assassination for he was an innocent person and was deprived of his precious life for no sin whatsoever. At the same time Maqbool Butt was also punished for sins which he never committed. His only crime, if it is a crime, was that he loved Kashmir and Kashmiri people. On the eve of his hanging he had said,
“I am being given the punishment for a murder which took place eight thousand miles away from here and in which I am not at all involved.”
We shall have to stop politics of revenge and also the game of bringing innocent people to the brink of annihilation in the name of struggle for freedom. Let it be said that the persons who were given life imprisonment in Mhatre case (Two of them still in prison) were also used in the dirty game of Amanullah’s politics.
NOTE.
Mhatre case was disclosed by me fully in the central committee of Liberation Front in 1985 but it was brought to the notice of the public in 1988. Pakistani newspaper published the entire story in 1990- 91. In Kashmir and Pakistan, those who were with Amanullah till 1994, fully knew this story although they also occasionally raised the slogan “Maqbool Butt Zindabad”. When personal interests and aggrandizement overtook these very activists, they broke Liberation Front into Pieces. Had Kashmiri activists rejected Amanullah Khan soon after the execution of Mqbool Butt, as a result of his senseless adventurism and collaboration with ISI, Kashmir would have been spared the ongoing bloodbath thrust on her youth.
“Before you assume, learn the facts. Before you judge, understand why. Before you hurt someone, feel. Before you leave, commit to staying” Before you assume, learn the facts. Before you judge, understand why. Before you hurt someone, feel. Before you leave, commit to staying...
...
Moving away from the events connected with Mhatre’s kidnapping and murder described widely in the same in preceding pages, let me state that my differences with Amanullah Khan were not of personal. I never aspired for cheap political popularity and I never let the blood of our workers and activists be spilled because I never wanted fame. I never accused Amanullah Khan or his workers of misusing funds. All that I have done on the occasion of fourth death anniversary of Maqbool Butt is that I have taken the veil off the face of facts about his execution .”it is a reality that Kashmir Liberation Army had been formed by Amanulah Khan himself and he had all the responsibility of its affairs. I have a letter in my possession written by Amanullah Khan in his own hand which he wrote to Dr. Farooq Haider and me on 05 April 1983 from Luton in England.” It should be mentioned that at a time when Amanullah was being tried in a British court in case of spreading terrorism in Europe, I was in Holland and the letter in question was with me. I do not believe in politics of revenge. Had I passed on this letter to the British court Amanullah would not have been banished from U.K but certainly would have been languishing in her jails. While the facsimile of Amanullah’s hand written letter is appended to this volume we give an excerpt from his letter to provide a convincing proof for what we state:
This is the story of origin of Kashmir Liberation Army whose activists were identified as the murderers of Mhatre. There can be no proof more convincing and dependable of Amanullah Khan’s role in its creation than the word recorded in his own hand. But it is a travesty that in his book entitled Jihad-e-Musalsal the same Amanullah Khan feigns total ignorance of KLA only to absolve himself of the blame of having compassed Maqbool Butt’s execution. We reproduce the following relevant extract (page 150 – 151) from it.
“In 1982 and 1983, we too had contributed our share of effort for seeking Butt Sahib Release. In 1982, we hazarded an adventure in Delhi which shook the Indian government. However we did not succeed in seeking the release of Maqbool Butt.” Yet one more dare- devil adventure failed owing partly to an unforeseen development and partly to a misunderstanding among the activists. On the other hand some members of the Liberation Front floated a secret organization by the name of Kashmir Liberation Army without my organization’s knowledge and permission. And engineered the kidnapping of Assistant High Commissioner of India, Ravindra Mhatre in Birmingham. The Kidnappers announced that if the Indian government did not release Maqbool Butt and his associates, Hamid and Riyaz and other freedom fighter of Indian held Kashmir within 24 hours then Mhatre would be killed. Soon after receiving this information, I pondered over the matter seriously and tried a good deal to establish contact with the Indian High Commissioner in order to find a solution to the problem. But the Indian High commissioner refused to talk with me saying that holding talks with Amanullah Khan meant recognizing Liberation Front. Indian High commission continued to avoid discussing the issue. Then on the next day I along with Zubair Ansari, Hashim Qureshi and some more activists of Liberation Front were arrested. This put an end to my effort. On the other side, instead of 24 hours of time limit a wait of 54 hours resulted in no reaction. Mhatre was killed. Information about this happening was given to me by the police while was in police station under their custody. Soon after release from police custody, Zubair Ansari Filed a writ petition against my arrest in the High Court.”
I and Hashim Qureshi were set free after 72 hours in compliance of the court order. The same night BBC broadcast in its news bulletin the Indian government had decided to execute Maqbool Butt on February 11 1984. This news shattered us. At that time Hashim Qureshi and Afzal Tahir were with me. On February 9 I held a press conference in London and said that Maqbool Butt was being hanged for sins which he never committed; he had no hand in Mhatre’s kidnapping .Butt Sahib’s lawyer Muzaffar Baigh approached the Supreme Court of India with an appeal against hasty implementation of death punishment immediately after Mhatre’s murder which was rejected.”(Amanullah Khan Jahad-e-Musalsal, 1992, Pages 150 et sea).
In conclusion it should be said that one is pained by Mhatre’s assassination for he was an innocent person and was deprived of his precious life for no sin whatsoever. At the same time Maqbool Butt was also punished for sins which he never committed. His only crime, if it is a crime, was that he loved Kashmir and Kashmiri people. On the eve of his hanging he had said,
“I am being given the punishment for a murder which took place eight thousand miles away from here and in which I am not at all involved.”
We shall have to stop politics of revenge and also the game of bringing innocent people to the brink of annihilation in the name of struggle for freedom. Let it be said that the persons who were given life imprisonment in Mhatre case (Two of them still in prison) were also used in the dirty game of Amanullah’s politics.
NOTE.
Mhatre case was disclosed by me fully in the central committee of Liberation Front in 1985 but it was brought to the notice of the public in 1988. Pakistani newspaper published the entire story in 1990- 91. In Kashmir and Pakistan, those who were with Amanullah till 1994, fully knew this story although they also occasionally raised the slogan “Maqbool Butt Zindabad”. When personal interests and aggrandizement overtook these very activists, they broke Liberation Front into Pieces. Had Kashmiri activists rejected Amanullah Khan soon after the execution of Mqbool Butt, as a result of his senseless adventurism and collaboration with ISI, Kashmir would have been spared the ongoing bloodbath thrust on her youth.
“Before you assume, learn the facts. Before you judge, understand why. Before you hurt someone, feel. Before you leave, commit to staying” Before you assume, learn the facts. Before you judge, understand why. Before you hurt someone, feel. Before you leave, commit to staying...
...
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