Friday 2 January 2015

Sixty years of US aid to Pakistan: Get the data

Sixty years of US aid to Pakistan: Get the data

As the US announces it is to withhold military aid to Pakistan, find out how much money America has given to the country since 1948 
The Obama administration has announced it will withhold more than one-third of all military assistance to Pakistan - an aid envelope worth some $800m (£498m). The withheld aid includes funding for military equipment and reimbursements for selected Pakistani security expenditures - including a payment of $300m for counterinsurgency programmes.
US aid to Pakistan has a long political history and this is not the first time money has been withheld. Here we've pulled out all the figures for both US military aid and economic assistance (including development assistance) to Pakistan between 1948 and 2010.
The dataset comes from Wren Elhai, at the Washington-based Center for Global Development (CGD), who in May published a report along with Nancy Birdsall and Molly Kinder analysing the long-term impact of US aid to Pakistan. The numbers - which come from the US Overseas Grants and Loans database and theCongressional Research Service - have been adjusted for inflation and are presented in terms of the value of the US$ in 2009.
Some highlights:
• US economic assistance to Pakistan peaked in 1962, at over $2.3bn
• in 2010, military assistance to Pakistan totalled $2.5bn - including $1.2bn in coalition support funds
• US assistance to Pakistan reached its lowest level in the 1990s, after President George H.W. Bush suspended aid flows over Pakistan's emerging nuclear programme
• US military assistance dropped dramatically during and immediately after the Indo-Pakistani wars of 1965 and 1971
• in the 1970s, President Carter suspended all aid to Pakistan (except food aid) in response to Pakistan's decision to construct a uranium enrichment facility
• although US assistance (both economic and military) to Pakistan has fluctuated considerably over the last 60 years, it has risen steadily since 2001
Pakistan has historically been among the top recipients of US aid - since 1948, the US has sent more than £30bn in direct aid to the country. Nearly half of this has been for military assistance. However, since Osama bin Laden was discovered and killed in Abbottabad earlier this year, US president Barack Obama has come under increasing pressure to justify US aid spending in the country.
Although military assistance is currently the only form of US aid to Pakistan to be withheld, Congress has considered other - as yet unsuccessful - bills to also block US economic assistance, and civilian aid to Pakistan will no doubt be up for debate again next year, as the 2012 budget battles get underway.
What can you do with the data?
Data summary
Summary of US aid to Pakistan 1948-2010
Year
Economic Assistance, Total
Economic Assistance (through USAID)
Military Assistance, Total
Coalition Support Funds
1948
0.77
0
0
1949
0
0
0
1950
0
0
0
1951
2.89
0
0
1952
74.25
73.55
0
1953
748.29
286.23
0
1954
156.95
152.24
0
1955
733.15
477.18
266
1956
1065.67
700.89
1086.5
1957
1079.65
619.9
437.59
1958
968.22
589.59
533.13
1959
1367.93
985.25
366.81
1960
1689.84
1181.35
230.39
1961
989.53
780.04
260.47
1962
2334.65
1446.28
549.02
1963
2066.77
1063.68
292.31
1964
2222.66
1334.16
187.55
1965
1928.9
1041.58
77.38
1966
816.28
691.28
8.4
1967
1213.36
719.38
26.33
1968
1501.68
672.5
25.98
1969
541.76
504.31
0.5
1970
968.32
570.93
0.87
1971
474.25
31.21
0.73
1972
692.87
261.87
0.42
1973
715.35
387.63
1.24
1974
381.97
219.13
0.95
1975
614.34
326.02
0.92
1976
644.1
336.78
1.28
1977
319.16
209.4
0.92
1978
214.92
55.49
1.52
1979
128.81
23.31
1.2
1980
137.53
0
0
1981
164.16
0
0
1982
400.6
200.07
1.2
1983
534.18
383.29
499.77
1984
568.05
415.84
555.9
1985
607.26
447.53
583.53
1986
623.56
460.91
545.82
1987
599.07
469.53
534.54
1988
769.14
635
430.69
1989
559.72
421.27
367.06
1990
548.07
422.37
283.44
1991
149.59
141.78
0
1992
27.14
0.57
7.2
1993
74.19
7.98
0
1994
68.43
0
0
1995
23.13
10.1
0
1996
22.79
0
0
1997
57.17
0
0
1998
36.32
0
0
1999
102.14
6.72
0.22
2000
45.72
0
0
2001
228.02
0.54
0
2002
937.34
744.74
1739.7
1386.06
2003
377.93
284.81
1760.23
1450.98
2004
406.12
316.56
891.39
794.11
2005
490.42
374.04
1397.06
1050.15
2006
689.43
488.46
1246.1
916.13
2007
688.62
498.91
1079.72
755.74
2008
614.48
392.05
1378.32
1014.9
2009
1353.65
1076.25
1114.26
685
2010
1867.13
1529.53
2524.61
1220.5
Note: All figures are in US$ (millions). Figures are adjusted for inflation and presented in 2009 constant dollars


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